Please Note: This article is written for users of the following Microsoft Word versions: 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016, 2019, Word in Microsoft 365, and 2021. If you are using an earlier version (Word 2003 or earlier), this tip may not work for you. For a version of this tip written specifically for earlier versions of Word, click here: Adding Smart Quotes through Macro Text.
Written by Allen Wyatt (last updated February 24, 2024)
This tip applies to Word 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016, 2019, Word in Microsoft 365, and 2021
Mary uses macros quite a bit to add text to her documents. The problem is that if the added text contains apostrophes, those are added to the text as "straight" rather than "smart." She indicates that she has the AutoFormat As You Type setting in place that tells Word to use smart quotes instead of straight quotes, but that has no affect on the text inserted by my macros.
When you insert text into a document by using a macro rather than typing, the text in each case is handled differently by Word. Text that you type is processed as each character is entered. Text that is inserted by a macro is treated more like text that is pasted into a document. Thus, if you type "this is my text," Word does its processing after each and every character. That means there is time for the program to check AutoFormatting and AutoCorrect and all the rest of the things that Word does to process text.
When you use a macro to enter the same text, it is inserted as a block, as if you pasted it in place. This means that any characters in the middle of the text (such as quotes or apostrophes) that would have been processed by AutoFormatting are not "caught" and processed. This means that straight quotes are not changed to smart quotes if they are contained within text that is inserted by your macro.
There are a couple of ways you can approach a solution to this. The first is to have your macro, after it inserts all your text, do a find and replace operation to replace all quotes with quotes and apostrophes with apostrophes. This may sound strange, but if you have AutoFormat As You Type set to use smart quotes, the find and replace operation will end up changing the straight quotes to smart quotes.
This approach is the way to go if your macro inserted lots of text in the document. If it is inserting smaller chunks of text, then it is easier to make sure that the macro is inserting the correct ASCII codes for smart quotes to begin with. The ASCII codes for a regular quote is 34, but a smart opening quote has a code of 147 and a closing quote is 148. There are similar differences in the codes used for apostrophes. If you use the Chr function to insert the proper character, you will always have the quotes you want.
One way to do that is to use code similar to the following near the beginning of your macro:
If Options.AutoFormatAsYouTypeReplaceQuotes = True Then sAposOpen = Chr(145) sAposClose = Chr(146) sQuoteOpen = Chr(147) sQuoteClose = Chr(148) Else sAposOpen = Chr(39) sAposClose = Chr(39) sQuoteOpen = Chr(34) sQuoteClose = Chr(34) End If
This code checks to see if the AutoFormat As You Type setting is turned on for smart quotes. If it is, then the four variables are set to the proper ASCII codes for smart quotes. If it is not turned on, then the variables are set to the proper codes for straight quotes. You can then later use these variables in your macro as you assemble and insert text. For instance, if you want to insert the text "my brother's house is down the street," you could insert it in this manner:
sMyString = "my brother" & sAposClose & "s house is down the street" Selection.InsertAfter " " & sMyString
If you find this approach bothersome (breaking up your strings in this manner), then there is one other option. You can create your own function that does the proper replacements in your strings at one time. The following macro will do the job nicely:
Function RepQuotes(sRaw As String) As String Dim sTemp As String Dim sAposOpen As String Dim sAposClose As String Dim sQuoteOpen As String Dim sQuoteClose As String If Options.AutoFormatAsYouTypeReplaceQuotes = True Then sAposOpen = Chr(145) sAposClose = Chr(146) sQuoteOpen = Chr(147) sQuoteClose = Chr(148) Else sAposOpen = Chr(39) sAposClose = Chr(39) sQuoteOpen = Chr(34) sQuoteClose = Chr(34) End If sTemp = Replace(sRaw, " " & Chr(39), sAposOpen) sTemp = Replace(sTemp, Chr(39), sAposClose) sTemp = Replace(sTemp, " " & Chr(34), sQuoteOpen) sTemp = Replace(sTemp, Chr(34), sQuoteClose) RepQuotes = sTemp End Function
What you do is to construct your text strings as normal, and then pass them through the RepQuotes macro. The macro determines the proper quotes to use and then does the conversions. It determines whether a quote is an opening quote or ending quote in the text by whether there is a space before the quote or not. If there is, it is assumed to be an opening quote; if not, then it is a closing quote.
Note:
WordTips is your source for cost-effective Microsoft Word training. (Microsoft Word is the most popular word processing software in the world.) This tip (11833) applies to Microsoft Word 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016, 2019, Word in Microsoft 365, and 2021. You can find a version of this tip for the older menu interface of Word here: Adding Smart Quotes through Macro Text.
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2024-02-26 23:49:48
Tomek
@ Andrew:
I didn't know it. You can learn something every day!
Interesting, and good. I checked it and it works as you described.
I guess, this is for cases where you have just two digits for a year and the apostrophe indicates omitted part.
I found that it only works for two digits, not one, or three. or more, so this is good. But the apostrophe is only converted to closing when you type a space, tab, or punctuation that follows the two digits. Not when there is end of paragraph or manual line break, which should work the same.
2024-02-26 16:36:58
Andrew
Not quite - you'll see that '24 (for example} will convert the apostrophe, which follows whitespace, will "smarten" to a closing single quote - which is correct.
2024-02-25 01:11:43
Tomek
Are you curious how Word determines which smart quote/apostrophe (open or close) to use?
It seems that if there is white space before a quote/apostrophe then the opening one will be used. If it directly follows other characters, then the closing one will be used. There is no pairing of the quotes.
Hence beware, if you include trailing spaces in your quote, it will end with an opening quote/apostrophe.
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